| Author |
Bai, Xuezhi.
|
| Title |
The impacts of ENSO and AO/NAO on the interannual variability of Great Lakes ice cover / Xuezhi Bai, Jia Wang, Cynthia Sellinger, Anne Clites, and Raymond Assel. |
| OCLC |
729761517 |
| Publisher |
[Ann Arbor, Mich.] : U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, [Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory], [2010] |
| Description |
1 online resource (44 pages) : illustrations, maps (some color). |
| LC Subject heading/s |
Ice on rivers, lakes, etc. -- Great Lakes (North America)
|
|
Sea ice -- Great Lakes (North America)
|
|
Southern oscillation -- Environmental aspects.
|
|
Arctic oscillation -- Environmental aspects.
|
|
North Atlantic oscillation -- Environmental aspects.
|
|
Climatic changes -- Great Lakes (North America)
|
|
El Niņo Current -- Environmental aspects.
|
|
Great Lakes (North America) -- Climate.
|
| System details note |
System requirements: PDF reader. |
|
Mode of access: World Wide Web. |
| Abstract |
The impacts of El Nino and South Oscillation (ENSO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) or North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on Great Lakes ice cover were investigated using ice observations for winters 1963-2008 and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data. Signatures of ENSO and AO/NAO were found in Great Lakes ice cover. However, the impacts are nonlinear and asymmetric. Strong El Nino events are often associated with least ice cover on the Great Lakes, while the impacts of weak El Nino and La Nina events (of all intensities) on the Great Lakes are marginally significant. Negative AO/NAO events are often associated with severe ice cover, while positive AO/NAO events often lead to lower ice cover. The strong El Nino and negative AO/NAO events account for about 50% of the least and severe ice cover winters on the Great Lakes, respectively. The interference of the effects of ENSO and AO/NAO over the Great Lakes makes the relationships complicated. This may be an important cause of nonlinear and asymmetric responses of the regional climate and Great Lakes ice to ENSO and AO/NAO. Based on the cross composite analysis, it is found that during the simultaneous occurrence of El Nino (La Nina) and +AO (-AO) events, Great Lakes ice cover tends to be least (severe). |
| Source of Description |
Description based on print version record. |
| General note |
"November 2010." |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 41-44). |
| General note |
Title from Web page (viewed on June 6, 2011). |
|
